Sunday, 20 July 2014

NCERT Class 8 Chapter 5 Coal and Petroleum

#Point to Ponder
Why name a chapter "Coal and Petroleum" when it is largely about fossil fuels and non-renewability of resources in general?

Lesson Plans 
Integrating Character Strength: Responsibility
Day 1:
Objectives-
  1. Differentiate between natural and man made materials; 
  2. Classify natural materials (resources) into renewable and non renewable resources
Skills- Observation, Classification

The teacher takes the class out on a campus walk. Students prepare a list of all that they observe around them. Back in the classroom, the teacher discusses with the students what "natural" and "man made" means and asks the students to classify their observations into natural and man made materials. (Activity 5.1)

The teacher focuses on natural resources. This list would contain- plants, animals, air, sunshine, water, rocks, soil, minerals, metals, etc.

The teacher discusses with the class:
  • Can these resources be used forever?
  • Is it possible we may one day exhaust these resources?
  • Are these resources limitless?
After the class discussion, the teacher explains to the children the meaning of renewability of resources and asks the students to further classify their list of natural resources into renewable and non-renewable resources.

HOTS Topics for discussion
"A world without forests" Or "A world without wildlife" or "A world without insects"

Day 2:
Objectives- Character Strength: Responsibility
  1. Understanding the gravity of exhaustion of non renewable resources; 
  2. Instilling a sense of responsibility of one's actions
Skills- Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, Cooperation, Communication

The teacher conducts Activity 5.2



Day 3: 
Objectives-
  1. Defining Fuels; 
  2. Classification of fuels into solid, liquid and gaseous fuels
  3. Defining fossils
  4. Defining Fossil Fuels
Skills- Memory, Classification, Linking textbook examples to Real Life

The teacher discusses the following concepts with the class:
  1. Fuel- Any material used to produce heat and/or power by burning
  2. Examples of fuels
  3. Solid fuels- Wood, charcoal, peat, dung, coal
  4. Liquid fuels- Animal Fat, Vegetable Oil, Alcohol, Petrol, Kerosene, Diesel
  5. Gaseous fuels- Biogas, Petroleum Gas, Coal Gas, Natural Gas (CNG)
  6. Fossil- Remains of an organism from a past geological time
  7. Fossil Fuel- Hydrocarbon rich fuels obtained from the dead remains of living organisms (fossils)
Screen Introduction videos to the class to capture their interest. Here are links to a few interesting videos-



Day 3- 5:
Objectives-

COAL; PETROLEUM; NATURAL GAS
  1. Enlist the physical and chemical properties of-COAL; PETROLEUM; NATURAL GAS;
  2. List the uses of-COAL; PETROLEUM; NATURAL GAS;
  3. Conceptualize the formation of-COAL; PETROLEUM; NATURAL GAS;
  4. List the conditions of the formation of-COAL; PETROLEUM; NATURAL GAS;
  5. State the effect of heating coal in the presence and absence of air
  6. List the physical and chemical properties of and uses of the products of destructive distillation of coal
  7. Understand the need and process of refining of petroleum
  8. State the uses of the constituents of petroleum
  9. Understand the word "Petrochemicals" and link it to Chapter 3: Synthetic fabrics and Plastics
  10. Explain the advantages of using CNG over coal or petroleum
  11. Distinguish between thermogenic and biogenic formation of natural gas
Skills- Memory, Classification, Linking textbook examples to Real Life; Tabulation; Learning strategies; Critical Thinking

The teacher discusses the additional concepts with the class:
  1. Placing the source of coal (plants of the carboniferous period) before the age of dinosaurs
  2. Forests are the sinks of CARBON
  3. Swamps
  4. Peat
  5. Carbonisation
  6. Flammability and Combustibility
  7. Charcoal- An impure form of carbon (containing ash)obtained from wood or animal substances by removing water by slow heating in the absence of oxygen (pyrolysis)
  8. Surface mining vs. Underground mining of coal
  9. Destructive distillation of coal- Heating of coal in the absence of oxygen at 1000 deg to 1400 deg C to yield processed products - coke (s), coal tar (l) and coal gas (g)
  10. Bitumen
  11. Oil wells to pump out petroleum
  12. Crude petroleum
  13. Refining of crude petroleum
  14. Petroleum refinery
  15. Fractionation of petroleum
  16. Petrochemicals
  17. Thermogenic and biogenic formation of natural gas
Day 6:
Objectives- Character Strength: Responsibility
  1. Discussing role of man in the story of fossil fuels
  2. Instilling a sense of responsibility towards environment
  3. Emphasizing the importance of social and personal responsibility
Skills- Critical Thinking, Personal Responsibility, Social Responsibility, Citizenship, Communication, Innovation, Creativity, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

 The teacher discusses with the class the following problems associated with fossil fuels-
  1. Pollution
  2. Effect of mining
  3. Oil Spills
  4. Global Warming
  5. Depletion of non renewable resources
HOTS Topics for discussion
  • Public Transport or Individual Car - Which is a better choice?
  • What about CNG cars? Would you still choose public transport?
  • What other source of energy may be used to drive vehicles?
  • Would you rather cycle?
  • Can forests help reduce the pollution caused by burning of fossil fuels?
Links to Resources and Activities

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Posted by at
Labels: , , , , ,

No comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)